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Who and what law sates that distant planets take longer to orbit the sun, and distant planets travel at slower speeds?
Kepler's 3rd Low of Motion
Who and what law states that p^2 = a^3, which relates the orbital period to the size of the orbit?
Kepler's 3rd Law of Motion
Who and what law states that planets travel faster when closer to the Sun and travel slower when further from the Sun?
Kepler's 2nd Law of Motion
Who and what law states "the line between the sun and the planets sweeps out equal areas in equal times?"
Kepler's 2nd Law of Motion
Who and what law states that planets are ellipses?
Kepler's 1st law of motion
Who and what law states Force = Mass x Acceleration
Newton, 2nd Law of Motion
Who and what law states, "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."
Newton, 3rd law of motion
Which of these is a restatement of the cosmological principle?
a) There are no phenomena remaining to be discovered
b) The same rules work everywhere in the universe
c) The universe is the same everywhere
b) The same rules work everywhere in the universe
Polaris is a _______________ star, and can be seen when?
circumpolar, at all times of the year.
Circumpolar stars are those stars that:
a) are visible only from the equator
b) are visible only from the north pole
c) neither rise nor set from your latitude
d) rise and set exactly 12-hours apart
c) neither rise nor set from your latitude
The meridian line runs from _________ to __________, through the ____________.
north to south, through the zenith
Mars' volcanoes are much bigger than the Earth's because Mars has ____ gravity and ______
lower gravity and no plate tectonics
What is responsible for continental drift?
convection in the Earth's mantle
Absolute zero is the hypothetical temperature at which _______
when all random motions stop
Collapsing (interstellar) gas clouds tend to form into thin disk because of _______________
conservation of angular momentum ex. ice skaters spin
Diffraction is _______________
spreading of a wave as it passes close to an edge
Stefan's law says __________
Luminosity (energy) radiated by a body is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature
The size of the Doppler Effect is related to the magnitude of
motion directly towards/away from an observer
What happens when an electron transitions to a lower energy state?
a photon (light) is emitted
An ordinary neutral hydrogen atoms is made up of _________
one proton and one electron
Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?
gamma rays followed by x-rays
Light is created by and interacts only with ________
electric charges
True of False. Light always travel at the same speed in the same medium.
True
If I see a photon go by in one direction, and a car go by in the opposite direction, the people in the car will see the photon move
at the same speed I see it move.
How does the apparent brightness of a light source depend on its distance from you?
It varies with the inverse square of the distance
If the Earth were twice its present distance from the Sun, the gravitational force exerted by the Sun would be
1/4 its present value
“Twenty meters per second per second to the north” is an example of
acceleration
If a car drives around a circular track at constant speed, is the car subject to friction?
yes
If a car drives around a circular track at constant speed, does the car have a force acting upon it?
Yes, bc to accelerate the car must have a force upon it
If a car drives around a circular track at constant speed, is the car accelerating?
yes, because it's changing direction
What is acceleration?
when ever velocity (speed and/or direction) changes
What is velocity?
speed and direction
According to Newton's First Law, a body:
a) will not remain stationary if acted upon by another force
b) can be moving without a force upon it
c) has a property called inertia
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
A hot gas produces a/an _________ spectrum.
emission
A light bulb produces a/an _______ spectrum
continuum
When is exactly half of the entire surface of the Moon illuminated by the Sun?
at all times.
The synodic month is longer than the sidereal month because ____
the Earth moves around the sun.
The sidereal period of the Moon is _________________________
its period of revolution relative to the stars
During the course of a year, the Sun appears to travel once around the sky along the _____________
